Can Dogs Suffer From Asthma?

Britt
by Britt
Photo credit: sophiecat / Shutterstock.com

We often associate asthma with humans, but have you ever considered whether our dogs can also experience this respiratory struggle? Can dogs suffer from asthma?


While less common than in people, canine asthma can occur. If it does, it can significantly impact your dog’s quality of life. Luckily, with effective management strategies and approaches, you can reduce the symptoms and help your dog breathe easily.


This post will explore the symptoms, causes, and best approach to managing this often-overlooked condition. Understanding the basics of asthma in dogs is the first step towards providing the necessary care and support to ensure your asthmatic dog lives the best possible quality of life.


Can Dogs Have Asthma?


Yes! It is possible for dogs to suffer from asthma attacks. This condition can vary significantly from a mild inconvenience to potentially life-threatening breathing problems like it does in humans. However, it is far less common for our canine companions to experience these problems (luckily).


The condition is much more common in middle-aged dogs but can occur at any age. It’s also more common in smaller dogs than large or extra-large breeds. Many experts believe this is simply due to the fact that smaller dogs are lower to the ground, meaning they are closer to the allergens and environmental triggers that irritate the airways when inhaled.


There are some notable differences between human asthma and canine asthma, which we will discuss in more detail throughout the article. But to answer the question in the most basic sense, yes, dogs can have asthma.


What Causes Asthma in Dogs?


This is one area where we see a difference between human and canine asthma. Humans may experience asthma due to a genetic predisposition. This means that while their activities or environmental factors may irritate their airways and trigger an asthma attack, their experience with the condition may originate from their genes.


Experts don’t believe there is a genetic component to canine asthma. Instead, it is a condition that develops due to exposure to environmental factors that irritate and damage the airways.


The most common causes of asthma in dogs include:

  • Pollen and other environmental allergens
  • Exposure to mold spores
  • Cleaning products
  • Second-hand cigarette smoke
  • Air pollution
  • Heavy perfumes or air fresheners
  • Candles, wax melts, or incense
  • Dust from cat litter (especially clay litters)
  • Airborne pesticides or fertilizers
  • Smoke from fireplaces and wood stoves


Limiting exposure to these elements is critical if you suspect your dog may be suffering from asthma. While this likely won’t reverse the damage and “cure” their condition, you can avoid making it worse.

Common Signs of Asthma in Dogs


The first step towards getting your dog help is recognizing a problem. One reason canine asthma is so often overlooked is that the signs can be difficult to spot – especially during mild cases. Dogs regularly pant to cool themselves down, which is normal and healthy.


A dog suffering from an asthma attack will show other signs of distress, such as:

  • Coughing or wheezing (possibly with a whistling sound)
  • Gagging or retching
  • Panting with a wider-than-usual mouth
  • Panting for unexplainable reasons (not due to temperature or recent exercise)
  • Rapid, shallow breathing
  • Gasping or difficulty breathing
  • Ab muscles contracting harder than usual to support breathing
  • Excess buildup of mucus or phlegm
  • Gums turning purple, blue, or pale in color
  • Panicking or lashing out in fear
  • Reluctance to engage in any exercise, including their favorite activities
  • Lethargy or weakness


If left unaddressed, these breathing complications can quickly worsen and become life-threatening. Any difficulty breathing is considered an emergency and warrants immediate medical care. Call your regular veterinarian or bring your dog to the nearest emergency clinic.


What to Do When a Dog Has an Asthma Attack


Witnessing your dog struggling to breathe is a terrifying experience. However, as a dog parent, the best thing you can do in that moment is stay calm and take immediate action.


First, ensure your dog is in a safe, low-stress environment. Try to take note and remove any potential triggers. For example, if you are enjoying a backyard bonfire when your dog starts wheezing, the first step would be to move your dog indoors away from the smoke. This may be enough for your dog to recover from a mild attack. If the condition is more severe, this will prevent it from worsening.


Contact your veterinarian, even if your dog appears to be recovering. Explain the symptoms and your dog’s current condition in detail. Your veterinarian will either recommend bringing your dog in immediately or, if they feel the situation is under control, explain how to support your dog and what to watch out for. If the condition returns or worsens at any time, you may still need to bring your dog in to be seen.



How Are Dogs Diagnosed with Asthma?


When you first arrive at the vet’s office, they will likely ask many questions, including what symptoms you have seen, what they were doing when you first noticed these symptoms, and anything in the environment that could contribute to the problem.


Try to provide them with as much detail as you can. After all, they don’t have the luxury of seeing your dog daily. If you can, take a video of your dog during their asthma attack to show your vet during this appointment. This may provide valuable insight.


Unless your dog is actively having an asthma attack at the time of your visit, the condition can be challenging to diagnose.


With the information you provided as a starting point, your vet will perform tests to rule out other possible explanations for your dog's symptoms. This may include a physical exam, blood tests, or even X-rays. Some conditions that could result in breathing difficulties include heart disease, kennel cough, bacterial infections, or heartworm.


Once they have ruled out all other causes, they will treat your dog, assuming it is asthma. Monitoring your dog’s response to this treatment will confirm if it is the correct diagnosis.

Photo credit: Peter Gudella / Shutterstock.com

What are the Treatment Options for Canine Asthma?


The recommended treatment for your dog’s asthma will depend mainly on the severity of the condition.


For dogs showing mild symptoms, the vet may prescribe medication to support the health of your dog’s lungs and airways. This could come as an oral medication or a nebulizer, allowing the medication to be inhaled (similar to a human asthma inhaler). Nebulizing treatments are usually the preferred option as they deliver the medication directly to the airways, loosen any mucus or secretions, and avoid many unwanted side effects of oral medication.


You can purchase a nebulizer if you’re comfortable giving your dog at-home treatments. However, if that makes you nervous, most vets will perform the treatments in the office with an appointment.


If your dog is suffering from a severe asthma attack, more extensive treatment may be required. This may include treating the source of the breathing difficulties and supporting the body during treatment to allow it to recover. This could include administering fluids, giving your dog steroids or antibiotics, or placing your dog in an oxygen cage.


Often, after the initial treatment period, dogs with severe asthma will require ongoing treatment, such as respiratory medications to maintain the health of their airways and antihistamines to address any allergies that could trigger future attacks.


Does Pet Insurance Cover Asthma?


Unfortunately, there is no easy black-and-white answer to this question. Whether your pet insurance policy will cover your dog’s anxiety treatment will depend on several factors. Most importantly, is this a new development or an ongoing condition you were aware of before signing up for the policy?


Dogs that have previously shown signs of respiratory problems, even if you didn’t receive the official diagnosis of asthma until after the policy came into effect, will not be covered by most policies as this would be considered a pre-existing condition.


If your dog’s insurance policy took effect before their asthma developed, you will likely have coverage for the expensive ongoing cost of treatment. This is why experts recommend starting your dog’s insurance coverage as soon as possible after adding them to the family.

How Can I Help My Dog Avoid Asthma Attacks?


As with any health condition or complication, the best approach is always to prevent a problem before it starts. Here are a few tips and tricks to help you reduce the chances of your dog developing asthma or other breathing problems:


Avoid Smoking Near Your Dog


We all know the risks associated with smoking, including the problems of second-hand smoke. These health risks aren’t exclusive to human family members. If you do smoke, do so outside or away from your dog. If you must smoke indoors, keep your dog in a separate room with the doors and windows closed to limit their exposure to the smoke.


Be Cautious with Fireplaces or Bonfires


There are many warnings about the risk of your dog being burned if left unsupervised around an open fire, but that’s not the only concern. Pay attention to the level of smoke coming off your fire and whether your dog can relax in a smoke-free area. For example, if your dog is tied in the backyard and you light a bonfire, ensure they are tethered far enough away from the fire to avoid being stuck breathing in the smoke.


Wash All Bedding Regularly


Your pet’s bedding can collect allergens over time. As your dog sleeps, their face is often snuggled into their blankets and bedding, meaning they breathe in those allergens the entire time. In our house, we wash our pet’s bedding every time we wash our bedding (every 1-2 weeks) to keep everyone happy and healthy.


Use Grooming Wipes When Your Dog Comes Inside


Like your dog’s bedding, fur can trap and carry common allergens like pollen and dust mites. When your dog comes in from spending time outdoors, take a moment to wipe them down using a pet-friendly wipe like the Earth Rated Hypoallergenic Dog Wipes. This will keep bedding, rugs, couches, and other surfaces cleaner.


Avoid Harsh Cleaning Products


When cleaning your home, consider using gentle or natural cleaning products, especially in areas your dog has access to. Your pup is much closer to the floor than you are and far more sensitive to scents. That “gentle lemon scent” may overwhelm them and cause life-long breathing problems.


Don’t Burn Candles or Incense with Your Dog in the Room


There is something relaxing about watching the gentle flicker of a candle burning. However, that candle releases chemicals into the air that can have a lasting impact on your pup. The best option is to avoid burning candles entirely. Contain your dog in another room if you must light a candle. Close the door between you and your dog, if possible. Alternatively, there are candles marketed as safe for pet-friendly homes, like One Fur All Pet House Candles.


Use an Air Purifier in Your Home


You can take all possible precautions, but the air in your home will still have allergens. Maintaining clean air is a never-ending battle with four pets in our house. One of the best decisions we’ve made was to purchase a Levoit Vital 200S-P Air Purifier. This will remove allergens from the air using washable filters, making it easy to maintain.

Final Thoughts: Asthma in Dogs


Caring for a dog with asthma requires patience, understanding, and proactive care. This includes both identifying and addressing an asthma attack as quickly as possible, as well as preventing an asthma attack from happening.


Regularly clean your space, including your dog’s bedding, to create a clean, allergen-free environment. Avoid exposing your dog to common triggers like cigarette smoke, household cleaning products, or strong perfumes. Monitor your dog’s symptoms closely and contact your veterinarian if you suspect a problem.


Early treatment is the key to effectively managing canine asthma. With the right care, your asthmatic dog can enjoy a happy, healthy, active life.


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Britt
Britt

Britt Kascjak is a proud pet mom, sharing her heart (and her home) with her “pack” which includes her husband John, their 2 dogs – Lucifer and Willow – and their 2 cats – Pippen and Jinx. She has been active in the animal rescue community for over 15 years, volunteering, fostering and advocating for organizations across Canada and the US. In her free time, she enjoys traveling around the country camping, hiking, and canoeing with her pets.

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