How Much Exercise Does My Dog Need?

Britt
by Britt
Photo credit: Clare Louise Jackson / Shutterstock.com

People often talk about the importance of daily exercise to prevent obesity and maintain a healthy lifestyle. But what about our pets? As the obesity rate in dogs continues to rise year after year, experts are encouraging pet parents to reassess the amount of exercise their canine companions engage in. But what constitutes as exercise, and how much is enough?


In this guide, I’ll discuss why exercise is so essential for your furry friend and how much exercise your dog needs to live a happy, healthy life. I’ll also share fun ways to incorporate more physical activity into your daily routine.


How Much Exercise Does a Dog Need Daily?


While it would be easier if there was a single answer that could be followed for all dogs, it’s not that simple. The amount of exercise your dog needs will depend on several factors, including their age, breed, lifestyle, and any health issues. So, let’s break it down…


Age


A general rule of thumb for a healthy adult dog with no other factors considered is that your dog should engage in 1 hour of exercise daily. This can be one solid hour or broken into two or three sessions throughout the day.


Like people, the amount of exercise needed will decrease as your dog ages and reaches their golden years. However, don’t take this as a sign that you can skip out on daily exercise. Your senior dog will nap more often, but exercise is still essential to prevent health issues like joint problems and heart disease.


Young puppies are generally full of energy, but there can be too much of a good thing! During these early years, their bodies are still growing and developing. Excessive exercise can lead to bone and joint problems. A general rule of thumb for puppies is to allow them to engage in 5 minutes of exercise for each month of age. For example, a 3-month-old puppy could safely walk or exercise for 15 minutes.


Breed


Whether purchasing a puppy from a reputable breeder or adopting from your local rescue, one critical step in deciding on the right fit for your family is researching the dog breeds you are considering. This is a perfect example of why this is important!


Some breeds, like herding dogs, were bred to have the high energy levels needed to keep up with their work in the fields. In a home setting, they need an outlet for all this energy. This means breeds like Australian Cattle Dogs, Border Collies, and Australian Shepherds need more exercise.


On the flip side, some breeds are truly content lounging around. These canine couch potatoes are an excellent option for those who prefer a less active lifestyle. They still need exercise, but far less.


Lifestyle


Take a moment to consider your daily routine - you may already be giving your dog more exercise than you realize! Active households that are often on the move and include their dogs in their plans may not need to worry about additional exercise. This includes those who enjoy hiking regularly, homes that enjoy participating in dog sports like agility, or those who spend a lot of time playing games like soccer outdoors (assuming the dog is allowed to join in on the fun).


Alternatively, if you work long hours, requiring your dog to stay at home, or prefer spending your time relaxing and watching movies instead of participating in active hobbies, your dog may need more exercise to prevent health issues or behavioral problems.


Health Issues


Does your dog currently suffer from a disease or injury that could prevent them from exercising regularly? It’s possible that a dog could hit every one of the points listed above, calling for high energy, and still only need minimal physical activity. If you suspect there is a medical reason your dog’s activity should be limited, talk to your veterinarian. They can provide you with guidelines that suit their unique needs.


Is Walking Enough Exercise for a Dog?


For generations, it has been accepted that dogs need to go for a walk daily to meet their exercise needs. But is that really the best solution? The answer is: Maybe.


Much like the amount of exercise needed varies from dog to dog, so does the best form of exercise to meet those needs. A walk could be a good option for dogs requiring less physical activity or needing something easier and less demanding. In addition to getting your dog up and moving, allowing them to sniff and explore adds a mental enrichment element to your walk.


However, for many dogs, a walk simply won’t be enough. But even for high-energy dogs, a walk can be a great part of a larger physical and mental exercise plan. 


Does Playing Count as Exercise for Dogs?


Yes! You can enjoy many fun games and activities with our dog that will get them moving and help keep them healthy. This is also an excellent way to include the whole family in your dog’s care. But not all play is considered equal.


Simply allowing your dog to go outside and run around the yard or play with their toys on their own isn’t going to be enough. Instead, you must consider ways to motivate your dog to get moving. Try finding fun, interactive games you and your dog can enjoy together. As a bonus, playing with your dog encourages them to play more intensely and creates a great bonding opportunity.


Can My Dog Over-Exercise?

There are definitely concerns and complications that can arise as a result of excessive exercise. Much like a person can’t just decide to run a marathon one day after never training, your dog can suffer similar muscle pain and stiffness from exercising too much. If your dog has previously led a more calm, sedentary lifestyle, you will need to slowly increase their exercise levels.


Pay attention to how they are feeling afterward. Some common signs of over-exercise include:

  • Excessive panting and/or drooling
  • Slowing down or lagging during exercise
  • Significant wear on your dog’s paw pads
  • Vomiting or diarrhoea
  • Glazed eyes
  • Confusion or loss of coordination
  • Reluctance to get up, jump, or climb the stairs (stiffness)
  • Whining when moving
  • Longterm exhaustion after exercise
  • Strains, sprains, and muscle or joint injuries


If you notice any of these signs, consider scaling back your dog’s activities slightly while monitoring to see how they are feeling.


The risk increases when you are playing during the hottest days of summer. In these environments, the concern is tied less to too much exercise and more to the risk of suffering from heat stroke, heat exhaustion, or dehydration. During these warmer temperatures, ensure your dog takes frequent breaks and consider opportunities for less intense exercise.


If you are unsure how much exercise your dog requires to live a happy, healthy life, ask your veterinarian at your next appointment. This will help you identify that sweet spot so their needs are met without risking pushing them too far.

Photo credit: Sue Thatcher / Shutterstock.com

Fun (and Effective) Ways to Exercise Your Dog


Is your dog not getting enough exercise? Are you looking for new or fun activities to get your pup up and moving? Here are a few fun and effective ways to incorporate physical and mental exercise into your daily routine:


Play Fetch, Frisbee, or Soccer


One easy way to get your dog moving is by enjoying a fun game of fetch, frisbee, or soccer in the backyard. Your dog will love spending quality time with you. Are you looking for ways to include the whole family? Consider getting your kids in on the game, too! A family soccer game means everyone can enjoy the benefits of physical activity.


Create an Obstacle Course


Rainy days don’t have to be lazy days. After all, failing to give your dog enough exercise can quickly spiral into behavioral problems from boredom. Next time you’re stuck indoors, try building an obstacle course at home. You don’t need to invest in fancy equipment to make this possible, making it a budget-friendly option.


Some options for homemade obstacles include:

  • Balance a broomstick cross two buckets, two piles of books, or two chairs (depending on your dog’s size) to create a jump
  • Tie a hula-hoop sideways between two chairs for a tire jump
  • Cut the ends out of a cardboard box to make a tunnel
  • Create an old-fashioned blanket fort with tables or chairs and blankets for another tunnel option
  • Build a teeter-totter using a plank of wood and PVC pipes


Bikjoring


If you have a high-energy dog who wants to run and you struggle to keep up, bikjoring is a great option. This involves attaching your dog to the front of your mountain bike with a safe pulling harness and allowing them to pull you while you pedal the bike and steer behind them.


But be careful. Make sure your dog is trained to ignore outside distractions, or your bike ride could take a painful turn when a squirrel crosses your path.


Skijoring or Dogsledding


Many dog parents find it more challenging to get their dogs moving enough during the winter, especially if you live somewhere that experiences extensive snowfall. Luckily, fun activities like skijoring and dogsledding let you enjoy the winter wonderland with your pup. Skijoring is similar to bikejoring, except you are on skis instead of a bike.


If you have a northern dog like a Siberian Husky, they were bred to navigate the snowy trails as a sled dog. Check with your local dog community to see if there is a local sledding club. They can help you introduce your dog to the sport and train them appropriately to enjoy dogsledding or kicksledding safely.  


Swimming


Swimming is an excellent, low-impact activity for dogs recovering from an injury or living with joint issues like arthritis. It’s a highly recommended source of exercise for senior dogs. In fact, many physical rehabilitation clinics, swimming and water activities are used regularly as part of their treatment plans.


If you are lucky enough to live near a lake or pond, take advantage of it. Check water conditions and keep your eyes open for any signs of blue-green algae. If you don’t have a body of water nearby, check with rehabilitation clinics or dog sport facilities to find out if they have a dog-friendly pool that offers public hours or can be rented for a private swim. Take regular breaks to reduce the risk of water intoxication.


Hiking


One of my favorite ways to exercise my dogs, as someone who lives an outdoor lifestyle, is to go hiking.  Consider checking out a new local trail or spending quality time with your dog at your favorite parks and outdoor locations. Let your dog sniff and explore throughout the hike (while following local leash rules) to combine both physical activity and mental enrichment.


Training


Speaking of mental enrichment, experts say that working your dog’s mind can wear them out faster than running them. Knowing this, you exercise your dog by engaging in a training session together.


If your dog already has solid basic obedience skills, that doesn’t mean you have to stop training. Consider teaching your dog fun tricks to challenge their mind, like cleaning up their toys, weaving between your legs, or fetching a beer from the fridge. Have fun with it – after all, it’s an opportunity to spend time with your best friend.


Food Puzzles and Snuffle Mats


Finally, try turning your dog’s mealtime into a mental exercise. Rather than feeding your dog in a normal dog dish, serve their next meal in a food puzzle or snuffle mat. As your dog sniffs and searches for their kibble or treats, they are engaging their mind. This is also an excellent way to keep your dog entertained if you are trying to work from home or complete some housework.


A budget-friendly alternative is to create a DIY busy box. For this, you need one large cardboard box and a collection of items to put inside that your dog will need to dig through, like empty paper towel rolls, small boxes, newspaper, egg cartons, or even dog toys. Scatter their meal or a few high-value treats throughout the box. Like the food puzzles and snuffle mats, your dog must rely on their nose to seek rewards.


Final Thoughts: Exercise Requirements for Dogs


Just like humans, every dog has unique exercise needs. How much daily activity your dog needs is influenced by several factors, including age, breed, lifestyle, and any existing health issues. While a casual sniff walk may be enough for a low-energy senior dog, a healthy adult herding breed will need much more. If you’re unsure how much your dog needs, ask your veterinarian.


But be careful, over-exercise is also a valid concern! The key is finding the right balance to keep your dog physically and mentally stimulated without pushing them too hard.


Don't be afraid to get creative when finding new ways to get your dog moving. From games of soccer in the backyard to DIY obstacle courses for exercise indoors on a rainy day, there are many fun and effective ways to meet your dog’s needs – plus, it’s an excellent opportunity to spend time together and strengthen your bond.


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Britt
Britt

Britt Kascjak is a proud pet mom, sharing her heart (and her home) with her “pack” which includes her husband John, their 2 dogs – Lucifer and Willow – and their 2 cats – Pippen and Jinx. She has been active in the animal rescue community for over 15 years, volunteering, fostering and advocating for organizations across Canada and the US. In her free time, she enjoys traveling around the country camping, hiking, and canoeing with her pets.

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